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This project sought to determine the costs and benefits of using private housing as the home base for care for older people. There are whole-of-government costs when not using housing as the home base for care for older people. These include the cost of premature admission to residential aged care and the use of acute, sub-acute and primary care services due to preventable injuries within the home. This study found that the financial costs of home based care are primarily related to tenure arrangements and secondarily to the type of support provided. Home ownership, rather than public rental, was associated with lower costs of care. Providing in-home formal or informal care for older adults is less costly than providing institutionalised care. The current high rate of home ownership by older persons facilitates the provision of in-home care with those in public housing and living with families being the most likely to enter residential care. http://www.ahuri.edu.au/publications/projects/p60313/